As Covid-19 spreads inexorably throughout the world, refugee-led organizations are key to keeping their communities safe, new research has revealed.

There are huge risks in overcrowded camps where the traditional sources of support – UN agencies, international NGOs and governments – are constrained by new regulations. The 80 per cent of refugees who subsist in cities are no less exposed; denied government support and reliant on poorly paid, ad hoc work, which has evaporated during lockdown.